As I entered the gates of the Presidential Palace on the 18th of August, 2017, I found myself dividing my cognitive functions into sub sections. A part of which was reserved for communication – with the police at the gate, the security at the door, and the butlers within the palace. Another part of my mind I’d reserved for organizing the historical and political knowledge and mentally arranging this data into a chronological order and then there were my personal feelings of apprehension – perhaps a little nervousness.
We were recently contacted by Bill Brown to see if we would be interested in seeing some of his late father’s old photographs taken circa 1963 in Cyprus. Naturally we were, so we asked Bill to send what he had and we would try to establish where the photographs were taken by producing an article on cyprusscene.com.
Many of our readers are so frustrated by the unjust treatment implemented by the UK, EU, UN and the world in general against the Turkish Cypriots of Northern Cyprus.
This frustration is often shown through comments made on articles we have published and we even receive letters from readers who ask us to publish them.
July 8th 2017 at the U.S. Embassy, Ambassador to Cyprus, Kathleen Doherty presented Arts in Embassies in Nicosia which was formalized by President John F. Kennedy back in the 60’s. The consulates and embassies select and commission art from the U.S. and host countries sharing a sense of quality, scope, and diversity of both countries’ art and culture.
The Highland Light Infantry left for Cyprus in 1956 and we have recently received some memories from Hugh Henderson who served his National Service with the HLI. Hugh remembers some of the names of his ex-army buddies which are shown below, together with photographs. If anyone recognises them we would be pleased to hear from them so the information can be passed on to Hugh.
By Hugh Henderson …….
My time in Cyprus was short due to being injured but I do remember names of some of the lads who served with the 1st Battalion of the Highland Light Infantry and wonder if they are still around.
l-r R Sinclair : Joe Little : Willie Flaherty : John McDonald
l-r ???, John McDonald and myself (Hugh Henderson)
I was called up for National Service on 8th December 1955 and did 10 weeks training at Maryhill Barracks and early in 1956 I arrived in Cyprus and was stationed at Dhavlos Camp (now called Kaplica).
On 13th November 1956 we were returning from a 5-day patrol which started in Akanthou (now called Tatlisu) and involved making our way to the other coast by foot. On returning to our Base Camp at Dhavlos, I was manning a LMG on a 3-ton RASC truck which had picked us up and at Trikomo Village (now called Yeni Iskele) the truck in front of us stopped suddenly, causing our truck to swerve throwing me and the weapon onto the ground. I have no idea why this happened.
The officer in charge, Jeremy McNish Porter gave first aid to me and I was then rescued by helicopter and transferred to the Nicosia Military Hospital and was there until 20th December 1956. While in hospital I remember either Kate Adie or Katie Boyle asking for requests for a programme called A Xmas Card from Cyprus which was to be on BBC1 on 25th December 1956.
Following my stay in hospital in Cyprus, I was then sent to Cowglen Military Hospital in Glasgow and on 4th April 1957 I was discharged.
In the early hours of 7th July 2017 messages were beginning to appear in social media pages that all was not well at the UN hosted Cyprus Peace Talks in Crans-Montana in Switzerland and the UN Secretary General, António Guterres soon held a press conference to announce that the Cyprus Conference had been closed without an agreement being reached and we published our article The lame Trojan Horse of Cypruswhich had over 2,000 readings and still climbing plus many comments on the article and social media pages by Turkish Cypriots and those that support them to demand the UN, EU and the world to honour their promises and give the Turkish Cypriots the justice they have been asking for over 50 years.
Readers say: Stop beating the dead horse!
John Aziz Kent –Cyprusscene website article
Dear Chris Elliott
I sincerely thank you for your excellent historically important article which should be sent to all relevant actors involved with the last round of very trying Cyprus negotiations in Crans Montana, Switzerland so that the Lame Trojan Horse can be exposed at long last.
We all know the old saying “don’t trust Greeks bearing gifts” and it is still in existence today. Personally during the last 70 years I have seen the atrocities by the Cypriot Greeks on the very brave Cypriot Turkish people with the whole western world ignoring what’s been going on.
They ought to be ashamed of themselves and also the EU for giving them more support by granting the Greek Cypriot half of Cyprus membership so that they could use this against Turkey’s efforts to join the EU.
This act must be an insult to any person with even the lowest of intelligence so the big question is will, the UN, EU, USA, UK or any other power stand up to point out the big ongoing LIE for so many years and manipulating with their LAME TROJAN HORSE
Now that everybody knows who the conniving side has been playing the Cyprus lying games on the whole world, can the world at last be truthful and point the finger on the guilty ones or are they still collaborating in this historical disaster or does everybody still believe in the ongoing Greek mythology.
Coupled with the past tragedies of the Lame Trojan Horse the time has come for the world to point out the guilty ones and say enough is enough before we are confronted with even bigger tragedies than we had in the past 70 years and this time it could involve many more states and people.
John Aziz Kent
Honorary President,
TRNC Hoteliers Association
Kay Hewson-Morgan – _ Cyprusscene website article
An honest and factual account of what really happened here in Cyprus, at last, well done Chris Elliot, please make sure the EU gets a copy, they are partly to blame for this situation anyway for allowing the Greek Cypriots into the EU in the beginning.
Unal Mehrubeoglu _ Cyprusscene website article
There is one particular point which everyone seeking a lasting “peace” should keep in mind;
The Cyprus Constitution by which Cyprus became an independent country in 1960 stipulated that Cyprus could not join any Pact or Organisation unless both Turkey and Greece were members of that Pact or Organisation and the Guarantors of that Constitution were Turkey, Britain and Greece by signing the London and Zurich Agreements.
Yet it was the latter two “Guarantor” Countries which went against their signatures and voted for Cyprus (Greek Cypriot Administration) to join the European Union an Organisation Turkey was not a Member of.
This being the case what signature or signatures can Turkish Cypriots trust for their safety? As far as I am concerned none other than that of Turkey, the only Guarantor State to honour its signature. Those who champion alternative safety guarantees for the safety of Turkish Cypriots must be living in Cuckoo land.
Sermen Erdogan – Cyprusscene website article
An excellent analysis of the Cyprus history Chris Elliott. You have simply put the truth on the Trojan Horse. However, I do not think that the horse will ever die in the minds of our Greek Cypriot neighbours!
Their education system and their religious leaders will keep their hope and aspirations for the next half of a century and who knows may be for the next 500 years to come!
That is the “Nature of the Beast” !!! My hope for PEACE in Cyprus just died with this episode! Best to be good neighbours as two separate states on the island! AND What’s wrong with that?
Aytac Akarca – Cyprusscene article
Yet again another failed attempt to reach an agreement with the Greek Cypriots. I never doubted that they ever will.
Now this should pave us another route to go independent state. That’s the only way out. Sod the bloody Greek Cypriots. Enough is enough.
Lets go for a plan B.
Steve Bisson – TFR The Foreign Residents in the TRNC Facebook
Have you thought about forwarding this article to the Secretary-General of the UN, it might just wake them up!
Kerim Kuyucu – Cyprusscene.com Facebook
Chris Elliott well written and well said. If all TC’s had your passion and will to keep this type of information in the public eye, we wouldn’t be in the situation we have been for over 40 years. Thank you.
Johnny Pedersen – – Cyprusscene.com Facebook
Time to lift the embargo!
Korsan Cevdet – British Turkish Cypriots Association (BTCA) Facebook
Good contribution Chris; an accurate summary. To the question what next, I have a few humble proposals:
1) Turkey and Turkish Cyprus establish a single market in which there are no restrictions or tariffs – truthfully, with a population of approximately 330,000 Turkish Cyprus is comparable to a London neighborhood; it really shouldn’t be that difficult to create sustainably effective conditions for robust growth.
2) Following the alignment of the Turkish economies, Turkish Cyprus must go further to provide incentives for R&D. With over a dozen universities, including medical science faculties, imagine the cutting edge pharmaceutical and medical research that could be near-shored? While the EU and other Western centers have limitations on stem cell research and pharmaceutical developments, for example, we could leverage not being officially recognized in the interim to excel in these highly beneficial sectors.
3) Get rid of red-tape and provide tax incentives to transform Turkish Cyprus into the Singapore/ Taiwan / Hong Kong of the Eastern Mediterranean. People have consistently misunderstood the Taiwan Model first suggested in January 2004; it’s the financial, economic, social and pseudo-political integration of a non-recognized state into the global political economy. Where unjust and fabricated restrictions have been erected to alienate, isolate and starve Turkish Cyprus, Taiwan will be the legal precedent used to smash the embargoes that have caused us so much pain and limited our prospects. Capital enjoys growth and prosperity so we have to create an environment that is fully conducive to proper growth – not an unacceptable or unaccounted for pirate’s island, but legitimate and clean money that creates productive and sustainable wealth.
4) Now comes the the hard one — all Turks from Cyprus have to stop blaming others for their problems and adopt a Singapore-like culture that is resilient and committed to success by any means necessary. This means genuinely fighting corruption, cronyism and putting in a real system of checks and balances that will revolutionize the TRNC.
5) While local self-determination will be maintained and strengthened with an accountable and transparent system, Turkish Cyprus’s foreign, security and international policies will be aligned with Turkey’s to provide a cohesive macro environment.
I’ve probably written too much.
Wishing everyone a memorable 7 July 2017. May this be the day that leads Turkish Cyprus out of the dark and into a period of confidence, security and sovereign success which is independent of our neighbors to the south.
Les Shaw – Embargoed Facebook
It seems the Gc are blocking every attempt at a united Cyprus unless they are in charge of everything, (just look at the Greek economy bankrupt), do the Tc want them in charge, no way, whereas the north have agreed to most of the recommendations and what do they get…embargoed and restrictions imposed..
Salih Zorlu Ozkara – Embargoed Facebook
We do not wish to be ‘united’ with these bankrupt, artificial state of south “some say” Cyprus with false Greek administration! We are Turkish! Not Greek!
We have a totally different history, culture, religion and language from them! We went through this previously failed social engineering experiment! That cost the Turkish people many thousands of dead and wounded, whilst the world looked the other way! We are not going back to living under Greek rule again! Not now! Not ever! Forget it!
Yusuf Salih – Free Thinkers in Cyprus Facebook
Good article, Made great by the inclusion of the two links… & videos.
When the subject of childhood, the TC home, and family dynamics arise among us, the conversation almost always surfaces common experiences or similarities which usually invoke laughter.
Let’s begin with childhood – and our national childhood sport of ‘babuç dodging’ (terlik/slipper dodging).
Oh the days to which we surely owe our agility when running from a flying babuç when a busy mother/hala (paternal aunt), deyze (teyze, maternal aunt) or grandparent didn’t have time /patience / or couldn’t be bothered to chase you down to plant that well deserved smack on the bottom. We have seen the babuç fly at every possible angle- vertically, horizontally, perpendicular, 180 degrees when it would accidentally ricochet from a household appliance, with flexibility which shouldn’t even be possible from a bulky slipper. Perhaps it was that double leather buckled strap which made it so aerodynamic? Or was it the single strapped slim sole version which flew like a Boeing 737? I don’t recall. But I saw and continue to see that very same pair of slippers in every TC household I have ever been in. Unless of course, in the households where the head female is REALLY modern, it’s the pink or purple babuç with the fluffy top.
Either way, you’d know you’re in really serious trouble if your guardian rose from her seat, and headed in your direction. At which point, every TC child must make a snap assessment – do I run, and be silent for the next few hours hoping she’ll forget? Or do I remain and take my punishment?
Nope. Run.
But lest we forget the outpouring of genuine love, care, concern and attention when we’d become sick or injured. The pampering of which felt so luxurious that we’d be ‘sick’ for an additional two days more than necessary. Until we’d become bored of mercimek (lentil) or Tarhana (wheat and yoghurt ) soup, that we’d make a miraculous recovery.
And of course, that subject goes hand in hand with the ‘TC medical kit’. Which includes olive oil-lemons, olive oil-aniseed, olive oil-mint, olive oil-honey….
Although, jokes aside, a lot of the stuff really did work and are recommended natural remedies today.
Moving onto the myths and tales told to us as genuine advice.
Don’t swing your legs while sitting, it brings debt to the door. Don’t sweep up after a guest leaves, or they’ll never return to visit (although I’m certain I have memories of certain female family members sweeping floors behind a guest under the guise of ‘cleaning’….)
And fat children? Don’t worry! That will turn into height! I haven’t yet had the heart to break it to any elder that fat does not transform into bone and muscle mass. I’ve waited for this transformation for 30 years, and two children of my own later, I’m still 5ft 2 and a UK size 16!
Ahh, the nostalgia of the TC household, where the smell of kuru fasulye (Argentinean beans) and bakla (broad beans) which we previously perceived as the smell of a criminal level cart merged with three times sweated out socks suddenly becoming the nourishment of our souls. Whether dressed in copious amounts of olive oil (of course ), lemon, onion, garlic and salt – or cooked in a tomato and onion broth- with the super bonus if some meat was added into it.
And you’d know that cookery was serious when mother would wear her çember (headscarf fastened at the top of her head) and the aroma of dolma (stuffed vine leaves), börek (pastries ), or fırın magarına filled the air.
That set of white metal bowls and plates with the blue rim, used for serving food, while the finest China remains in the display cabinet, never to be used – not even on bayram (eid) even though mum swears it’s for special occasions.
That white pillowcase with a blue, purple or green stitched pattern which leaves wrinkles on your face by the morning but never seemed to have a matching duvet cover. The bathroom hand/face towels with tassels which never seemed to fray. And the ceyizlik which is as untouched as the China in the cabinet.
Not forgetting that tin of chocolates or Danish butter cookies which, to our disappointment, was full of string and needles and various other sewing equipment.
As we moved on to our late teens, TC weddings become a focal point of socialising and yes, bragging and gossip. It always starts well – until someone’s amca /enişte (uncle) drinks too much of the complimentary, limitless Bells whiskey – or Fatma Ablas daughter laughs too loud or mülkiyes dress is too short (although no shorter than anyone else’s )
But it’s usually a great laugh, a brilliant social opportunity and gossip isn’t really taken seriously.
Wedding traditions from the past
Weddings have a tendency to lead to a dünürcülük – keeping it real to tradition but not as strict a requirement as it used to be. An arrangement made between two families when boy likes girl or vice versa, the young man will visit the young lady’s home alongside his parents or elder representation, and request the young lady’s hand in marriage. Nowadays, it’s more commonplace that the young man and woman already know each other well, and dünürcülük is just a formality.
On occasions when the couple in question are not so familiar, they’re given the opportunity to get to know one another over a reasonable amount of time after a mutually agreed ‘söz’ (promise) is in place. Those who do not get on are not obligated to marry.
On occasions where the young lady doesn’t like the young man, the excuse of ‘our daughter wants to study’ takes the number one spot on the reasoning list.
In the case that the man doesn’t like the woman, his choice of polite excuses at far more limited, especially as HE made the effort to go to HER home. And ‘your daughter looks like freddo the frog’ probably wouldn’t cut it.
I wouldn’t be doing justice to this subject if I failed to mention the salt that replaces sugar in the Turkish coffee served by the young lady. And if the young man remains composed and drinks it, regardless of the awful taste, he’s deemed genuine.
Our elders, who we love and admire so deeply, are just as much the ‘apple of our eye’ when they’re old, as we were the apple of their eye when we were dodging slippers. It’s only when we become adults that we truly understand and appreciate their struggles. The worry they felt during times of threat and uncertainty. The boldness of the decision of those who felt it necessary to emigrate to foreign lands, where they didn’t speak the language, isolated and homesick, year after year yet, somehow, they managed and strived to give us a better life. The intelligence they have over natural remedies that cure us. The nourishment that was our normal diet, now deemed as super foods and anti-oxidants in the west only in the last 20 years (like pomegranate).
That lecture we’d hear at the dinner table, about how many people in the world were starving, and ‘eat your food!’- unknown to us, instilled compassion, humanity, gratitude and empathy traits that we weren’t even aware were being imparted.
That flying slipper, which we now laugh about, was not an act of cruelty, but discipline. To make us better and more aware of our actions.
The diabetes, high blood pressure and cholesterol which riddles their bodies – a result of all the bread they ate in order to give us fruit, vegetables, meat and fish. A result of the stress they lived through to raise us and the aches and pains throughout their bodies, from years of commitment to their younger generation. Because they never stopped when we turned 18 – they tried harder and some even reared their grandchildren to continue to give the opportunities they themselves never had.
If you’re fortunate enough to have your parents, grandparents and other elders alive today – go to them. If you have any gripes with them, leave them at the door. Humble yourself, kiss their hand and say thank you and truly be thankful. Because tomorrow is not a promise.
Everyone makes mistakes and choices in ways we may perceive as wrong. Even parents. The notion that becoming a parent suddenly equates to always getting it right and always having the answer is wrong. Use that empathy they imparted onto you – don’t judge them. Remember where THEY came from, how THEY were raised, what THEY experienced and be grateful. For you are alive and well enough to read this today.
And to those whose elders are departed – May their souls rest in eternal light and peace, their faces immortalised by your face and those of your children.
My mother, big sister and my father with my son Nazir Hüseyin
I dedicate this article to my parents. I couldn’t articulate what they have done, what they continue to do, and how much I appreciate everything they are.
Günay hala with my younger son, Aydın Mehmet and my niece Amira.
And I dedicate this article to my departed (rahmetli) Günay hala. The most remarkable, selfless person I ever knew. If ever there was such a thing as earth bound angels, she was one of them. May she be granted the highest ranks of heaven.
I have now received some further information from David Littlemore (shown below) about the memorial service at the Cyprus Rock at the National Memorial Arboretum, together with the order of service which I have re-formatted into a PDF file and this can be viewed by clicking here and can be printed off if you wish. There will also be copies available on the day.
This year’s Cyprus Memorial Service will, as you know, be a smaller event than last year’s Unveiling Ceremony for reasons we all understand. We will have a local Chaplain the Rev. Maj. Vic Van Den Bergh and I have attached a copy of the programme of the service, though we will have copies available on the day.
We will be using the NMA’s public catering areas to have refreshments and meet our colleagues after the service. As you will see there will be one chaplain performing the service that covers the remembrance of both the military and civilian police lost during the Cyprus Emergency. I look forward to seeing you at the NMA on the 21st of August ……David Littlemore.
It is hoped that many veterans, together with the families of both the military and the civilian police who lost their lives in Cyprus, will be able to attend this first memorial service at the National Memorial Arboretum on 21st August 2017 at 10.45am.
In the early hours of this morning 7th July 2017 messages were beginning to appear in social media pages that all was not well at the UN hosted Cyprus Peace Talks in Crans-Montana in Switzerland and the UN Secretary General, António Guterres soon held a press conference to announce that the Cyprus Conference had been closed without an agreement being reached.
So where are we now? As the popular media has been delighted to announce since 20th July 1974, Cyprus had been divided since Turkey as a guarantee power intervened (so called invasion ?) to put a stop to the Greek Cypriot and Greek acts of aggression when the other guarantee power Britain failed to assist.
Strange that Archbishop Makarios stood before the UN on 19th July 1974 and pleaded to the UN for help to stop the invasion of Cyprus by Greece. Click here to read the speech.
There is something far deeper to this dispute than the Greek Cypriots claims that the Cyprus problems began on 20th July 1974.
In 1570 the Ottomans arrived in Cyprus and claimed it for their own and during the period 1821–1829 many Greek Cypriots supported the Greek independence effort called ENOSIS which led to severe reprisals by the Ottoman Empire.
The Ottoman Empire agreed to pass the administration of Cyprus to Great Britain on 9th July 1878 but with the outbreak of WW1, the Ottoman Empire gave their support to Germany so Britain annexed Cyprus and perhaps this rift with the Turks continues to this day.
In 1915, Britain offered Cyprus to Constantine I of Greece on condition that Greece joined the war on the side of the British, which he declined. In the Treaty of Lausanne in 1925 Cyprus was declared a British crown colony.
The Greek Cypriot population, meanwhile, had become hopeful that with the British administration this would lead to achieving Enosis (union with Greece). The idea of enosis was historically part of the Megali Idea, a greater political ambition of a Greek state encompassing the territories with Greek inhabitants in the former Ottoman Empire.
In the ensuing years in Cyprus the Greek Cypriot nationalists aided by Greece pursued a policy of intimidation and worse against the Turkish Cypriots and demands for independence from Britain increased.
On 16 August 1960, Cyprus attained independence after the Zürich and London Agreement between the United Kingdom, Greece and Turkey and created a power sharing government which was to break up due to the ongoing intimidation and violence on the Turkish Cypriots.
Intercommunal violence erupted on 21 December 1963, when two Turkish Cypriots were killed at an incident involving the Greek Cypriot police and then the killings escalated in the months and years ahead by the Greek Cypriot nationalists as they pursued a policy to remove Turkish Cypriots from Cyprus which is clearly defined in the secret Akritas plan which can be read by clicking here.
In 1964, Turkey threatened to intervene in Cyprus in response to the continuing Cypriot intercommunal violence, but this was stopped by a strongly worded telegram from the US President Lyndon B. Johnson warning that the US would not stand beside Turkey and warned they would not protect Turkey against invasion of its territories by the Soviet Union.
Meanwhile, by 1964, enosis was a Greek policy that could not be abandoned; Makarios and the Greek Prime Minister Georgios Papandreou agreed that enosis should be the ultimate aim and King Constantine wished Cyprus “a speedy union with the mother country”. Greece dispatched 10,000 troops to Cyprus to counter a possible Turkish intervention.
Turkish Cypriots owned around 30% of the properties of the island from 63-74 but were forced to live in 3% of the island in open air enclaves as a result of their persecution. Over a hundred Turkish villages were destroyed and thousands of their citizens were denied from exercising their civil and human rights and in excess of 3000 people were exterminated..
On 15 July 1974, the Greek military junta under Dimitrios Ioannides carried out a coup d’état in Cyprus, to unite the island with Greece. The coup ousted president Makarios III and replaced him with pro-enosis nationalist Nikos Sampson. In response to the coup, five days later, on 20th July 1974, the Turkish army intervened on the island, citing a right to restore the constitutional order from the 1960 Treaty of Guarantee. This justification has been rejected by the United Nations and the international community ever since.
Since then the following list from the records of Nicos Rolandis the ex Foreign Minister of Cyprus records “Peace moves rejected by Greek Cypriots”:
1) 1948: Consultative Assembly: We (GCs) rejected it.
2) 1955-56: Harding proposals: We (GCs) rejected them.
3) 1956: Ratcliffe Constitution: We (GCs) rejected it.
4) 1958: Macmillan Plan: We (GCs) rejected it.
5) 1959-60: Zurich-London Agreements: We (GCs) rejected them in 1963 (through the efforts to amend the Constitution) although we initially accepted them.
6) 1964: Acheson Plan: We (GCs) rejected it.
7) 1972: Agreement of Clerides-Denktaş: We (GCs) rejected it.
8) 1975: Bi-communal Arrangement: We (GCs) rejected it.
9) 1978: Anglo-American Canadian Plan: We (GCs) rejected it.
10) 1981: Evaluation of Waldheim: We (GCs) rejected it.
11) 1983: Indicators of Perez de Cuellar: We (GCs) rejected them.
12) 1985-86: Consolidated Documents of Perez de Cuellar: We (GCs) rejected them.
13) 1992: Set of Ideas, Boutros Boutros-Ghali: We (GCs) rejected them in 1993.
14) 1997: Kofi Annan’s proposals at Troutbeck-Glion: They could not go through.
15) 2002-2004: Annan Plan: We (GCs) rejected it”
To bring things back into perspective it’s worth noting that with the Annan Plan the Turkish Cypriots voted in a referendum to agree to a peace plan which would then have given greater concessions to the Greek Cypriots but they said OXI (NO) in a referendum and rejected the plan which also saw the Greek Cypriots being accepted into the European Union whereas the Turkish Cypriots were not allowed access even though they had voted for a settlement.
So here we are again with the UN having been trying to bring two communities together and perhaps not wanting to see the problem of trying to put a lot of square pegs into round holes.
UN Secretary General, António Guterres said at today’s press conference that the Cyprus Conference had been closed without an agreement being reached. So now perhaps they will stop pushing this lame Cyprus Trojan Horse and let reality and commonsense lead to a final settlement and what is that?
Northern Cyprus now deserves and wants a velvet divorce with the lifting of embargoes including direct flights so the Turkish Cypriots can continue to develop their future with support from Turkey and International players which will bring about change to the political dynamics here in the Middle East.
deserved smack on the bottom. We have seen the babuç fly at every possible angle- vertically, horizontally, perpendicular, 180 degrees when it would accidentally ricochet from a household appliance, with flexibility which shouldn’t even be possible from a bulky slipper. Perhaps it was that double leather buckled strap which made it so aerodynamic? Or was it the single strapped slim sole version which flew like a Boeing 737? I don’t recall. But I saw and continue to see that very same pair of slippers in every TC household I have ever been in. Unless of course, in the households where the head female is REALLY modern, it’s the pink or purple babuç with the fluffy top.
British administration this would lead to achieving Enosis (union with Greece). The idea of enosis was historically part of the Megali Idea, a greater political ambition of a Greek state encompassing the territories with Greek inhabitants in the former Ottoman Empire.
Meanwhile, by 1964, enosis was a Greek policy that could not be abandoned; Makarios and the Greek Prime Minister Georgios Papandreou agreed that enosis should be the ultimate aim and King Constantine wished Cyprus “a speedy union with the mother country”. Greece dispatched 10,000 troops to Cyprus to counter a possible Turkish intervention.